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Overview

Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by persistent increase in blood glucose level (hyperglycaemia) due to deficiency of insulin or insulin resistance manifested by polyurea, polydipsia and polyphagia.

Diabetes is broadly classified as 3 types

1. Type 1 - An autoimmune disorder a rare phenomenon with prevalence of less than 10%. Mainly affects children (Juvenile Diabetes). Previously known as IDDM (Insulin dependent diabetes Mellitus).
   
   
2. Type 2 – Most common type of diabetes with prevalence of more than 90 %. Also known as adult onset of diabetes. Previously known as NIDDM (Non Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus).
   
   
3. Gestational Diabetes - Diabetes during pregnancy may disappear after delivery but with the risk of getting later in life.
   
   

Non Modifiable risk factors

1. Age
   
2. Family History
   

Modifiable risk factors

1. Diet
   
2. Sedentary life style
   
3. Obesity
   
4. Alcohol